CyberKnife Radiosurgery

CyberKnife Radiosurgery

CyberKnife Radiosurgery

CyberKnife radiation surgery minimizes radiation exposure to the healthy tissues surrounding a tumor. Compared to other radiotherapy surgeries, CyberKnife offers many benefits to patients, including rapid relief from pain and other symptoms.

Treatment Duration

Each treatment lasts between 30 to 90 minutes. The number of treatments varies depending on the tumor’s size, location, and shape, but typically only one to five daily sessions are needed.

 CyberKnife allows patients to lie comfortably on a procedure table without anesthesia while the robotic arm moves without touching them to treat all areas of the tumor. Recovery is often immediate due to the reduced risk of complications and damage to healthy tissues.

What is the CyberKnife System?

CyberKnife is a non-surgical treatment for cancerous and non-cancerous tumors and other conditions where radiotherapy is indicated.

It is used to treat conditions throughout the body, including the prostate, lung, brain, spine, head and neck, liver, pancreas, and kidneys. It can be an alternative to surgery or for patients with surgically complex tumors. Treatments are typically conducted in 1 to 5 sessions.

The CyberKnife system is the only radiation delivery system that features a linear accelerator (Linac) mounted directly on a robot to deliver high-energy X-rays or photons used in radiotherapy.

The robot moves and bends around the patient to deliver radiation doses from thousands of unique beam angles, significantly expanding potential positions to focus radiation on the tumor while minimizing the dose to surrounding healthy tissues.

How Does CyberKnife Work?

CyberKnife is the world’s first and only robotic radiosurgery system, consisting of a linear accelerator that produces X-rays, mounted on a robotic arm that can move with precision and accuracy of 0.12 mm in 6 joints.

It ensures high-dose radiation delivery from different angles to the tumor with sub-millimeter accuracy without blood and pain. Despite its name (knife), CyberKnife treatment is not an open surgical procedure. The treatment is a painless procedure applied without any incision or anesthesia.

 CyberKnife does not damage healthy tissues while treating malignant or benign tumors with high doses of radiation. This crucial point provides solutions for diseases that were previously impossible to treat.

Side Effects

Additionally, the side effects are minimal and temporary. The treatment duration is significantly shortened by delivering high doses of radiation from different angles.

Treatment is usually possible in one day, depending on the tumor’s size, location, proximity to vital tissues and organs, and type of tumor. In some special cases, treatment can be extended to 5 days.

In traditional radiotherapy, treatment can span 5 days a week and a total of 6 to 8 weeks over 30 to 40 sessions. Patients can leave the hospital immediately after CyberKnife treatment and return to their normal lives.

Advantages of CyberKnife

  • Painless
  • No need for anesthesia.
  • No need for hospitalization.
  • Unique precision protects the healthy tissues and organs surrounding the tumor.
  • No surgery required.
  • Patients can return to their routine life immediately.
  • No need for invasive head or body frames.
  • Breathing is unaffected, and there is no need for timed radiation intervals with breathing.

Conditions Treated by CyberKnife

Diseases treated with the CyberKnife radiosurgery system can be examined under two headings: intracranial diseases and extra cranial diseases.

Intracranial Diseases:

  • Vascular diseases (Arteriovenous Malformation, Cavernous Malformation).
  • Malignant tumors (Brain metastasis, Glioma tumors [grades II, III, IV], Ependymoma, Medulloblastoma, Chondrosarcoma).
  • Benign tumors (Vestibular Schwannoma, Meningioma, Glioma tumors [grade I], Craniopharyngioma, Pituitary tumors).
  • Neurological and psychiatric diseases (Trigeminal neuralgia, Epilepsy, Cluster headache, Parkinson’s disease, Essential tremor, Uncontrolled pain, Obsessive-compulsive disorder).

Extracranial Diseases:

  • Head and neck cancer, lung cancer, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, soft tissue tumors, spinal tumors, prostate cancer, metastatic cancers, and recurrent cancers.

How CyberKnife Treatment is Performed?

Some procedures may be performed before CyberKnife treatment, but not all are necessary for every patient as each treatment plan differs. The procedures are specific to your treatment plan and will be explained to you during your consultation appointment.

CT Scan

A CT scan is required before starting CyberKnife treatment. Although a CT scan is performed during diagnosis, a new scan is needed for your treatment plan. Some patients may need a soft mask made of a light material to be used during the treatment process. The application and preparation of the mask are painless and completed as part of the CT scan.

Review of MRI

Sometimes special imaging methods like MRI may be required in addition to a CT scan. A special request is made for the area of your body to be examined. The scan may require a contrast agent, a drug used to enhance the effectiveness of the imaging during the scan. The contrast material is taken orally or given intravenously.

Laboratory Studies

Before using the contrast medium during the imaging process, it is necessary to examine the blood urea and creatinine levels to check kidney function and determine if the drug can be easily excreted from your body by your kidneys.

Tissue Markers

You may need to have small tissue markers placed inside or near the tumor, depending on your specific diagnosis. This allows the CyberKnife system to better target the treatment area. An outpatient appointment is scheduled for this procedure, and the necessary explanations are provided for preparation. If necessary, markers are placed before the technology review.

Treatment Day

Patients are asked to wear comfortable clothes for CyberKnife treatment. Jewelry can be worn as long as it is not near the treatment area. For example, earrings and necklaces should be removed for head tumor treatment.

You must be comfortable first and foremost. This treatment is a painless procedure. Sedatives and anesthesia are not required. Sometimes patients fall asleep during treatment. Although the CyberKnife tracking system assists with movements such as breathing, you are asked to remain still during treatment. The system periodically takes X-ray images and compares them with CT scan data, allowing the radiation beam to lock onto the tumor. Treatment takes about 30-90 minutes depending on the complexity of your disease.

Follow-up

The recovery period for CyberKnife treatment is often quick, with a low risk of complications and very little damage to healthy tissues. In most cases, normal activities can be resumed immediately after the procedure.

After completing CyberKnife treatment, a follow-up appointment with your doctor is necessary to evaluate the tumor’s response. Follow-up care is tailored specifically to you and your condition.

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